The Life and Story of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart - 1603 Words

The Life and Story of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart better known as just Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was baptised January 27, 1756 in Salzburg on Getreidegasse street in the ninth house, which at the time was a part of the Holy Roman Empire but is now Austria. He was born to Leopold and Anne Maria Pertl Mozart in the same house he lived in until he was 17 with his mother, father and his big sister Maria Anne, she was his only sibling to survive infancy. He was baptised in St Ruperts Cathedral the day after he was born. His father was the deputy Orchestra Master of the court of the Archbishop of Salzburg, a composer, and a teacher as well. In fact the year Wolfgang was born his dad†¦show more content†¦The Archbishop was a stern frugal man with little sympathy and paid Wolfgang only 150 florins a year, so he called the Archbishop Archboobie. Wolfgang had a hard time not exercising his full potential and being a common musician after all he has been knighted and hobknobed with kings and queens. In 1777 Wolfgang resigned his position to search for work in Paris where he befriended members of the best orchestra of the time and fell in love with Aloysia Weber. Wolfgangs mother died in 1778 and his dad found him a job back in Salzburg as a court organist and concertmaster for 450 florins a year. Before going back to Salzburg to his new position in 1779 he composed the A minor piano sonata (K 310/300d) and the Paris symphony (No. 31). In 1781 the 25 year olds opera Idomeneo premiered successfully in Munich. His current employer Archbishop Colloredo threatened to fine half a years wages if he did it again so Wolfgang tried to resign several times and was finely awarded his termination with a literal kick in the ass administered by the Archbishops Steward, Count Arco. He decided to be a freelance musician and composer in Vienna, not just to enjoy the musical culture of Vienna but also to get away from his overbearing father. In a letter to his sister he explain s how he gives lessons and performs in concerts to get by, this is also when and where he met his dear Constanze (Aloysias older sister).Show MoreRelated Life Of Mozart Essay670 Words   |  3 Pages The Life of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-91) is regarded as the greatest composer who ever lived. He began writing minuets at the age of 5,and by the time he died in 1791 at the age of 35, he had produced 626 cataloged works. â€Å" Mozart has enriched the concerto form with a larger number of masterpieces than any other composer.†1 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is said to be the greatest genius in western music history.Read MoreJennifer Persaud. Professor Adams . Music 101. April 2017.1148 Words   |  5 Pages Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Johann Chrysostom Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in 1756 and died in 1791. Shortly after his birth in Salzburg, Austria, he was baptized as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart however, he just went by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. As aforementioned, his baptism refers to the religious rite of a person that belongs to a Christian Church. His mother, Anna Maria Mozart and his father, Leopold Mozart had seven children together howeverRead More wolfgang amadeus mozart Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages Mozart was considered to be the best musician/composer of all time. Mozart was a genius when it came music and composing, he was said that no other could rival him and to this day people still say that he is the best. The reason why I choose to do Mozart is the fact I do believe he is the best musician/composer of all time, and his life story is of a tragic but gifted young soul. Later on you will find out about his family, his teachings, his tragedies, and of course his accompli shments. WolfgangRead MoreMozart and Haydn Essay1209 Words   |  5 PagesTwo of historys greatest figures in the development of Classical style music during the eighteenth century were Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Joseph Haydn. Both men worked together and were very close friends while living in Vienna. Between the two, Joseph Hayden and Amadeus Mozart devoted much of their music for composing symphonies, minuets, librettos, sonatas, concertos, masses, oratorios and operas. While both men achieved popularity and status during their time, they also discovered that successRead More Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Essay1138 Words   |  5 PagesWolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart is perhaps the greatest musical genius who ever lived. Mozart s full name is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Most people called him Mozart or Wolfgang. Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria, January 27, 1756. His father, Leopold, perhaps the greatest influence on Mozarts life, was the vice Kapellmeister (assistant choir director) to the Archbishop of Salzburg at the time of Mozarts birth. Mozart was actually christened as Joannes Chrysotomus Wolfgangus Theophilus,Read MoreWolfgang Amadeus Mozart, A Moral Law1440 Words   |  6 Pagesmind, flight to the imagination, and charm and gaiety to life and to everything.† Like his words elucidate, music, for many centuries, was a way of expressing things that could not be put into words. It displayed raw emotion in some cases and gave life to ideas and notions in other cases. Throughout history, various figures and composers contributed to music worldwide. However, there is one that stands out the most. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, a child prodigy and composer at the age of six, who playedRead MoreAmadeus, the Movie Essay796 Words   |  4 PagesAmadeus begins with an attempted suicide by composer A ntonio Salieri, who is overcome with guilt about supposedly killing Mozart. His life is saved by his aids and he is sent to what looks like a mental hospital, where a priest is sent to council him. The whole story is told through the eyes of Salieri on his death bed, confessing to his priest. The whole movie takes place in Vienna, Austria. Besides the first few scenes where Mozart is seen as a child, the story begins in 1782 when Mozart is theRead More Fiction and Untruth in Amadeus by Peter Shaffer Essay1298 Words   |  6 PagesFiction and Untruth in Amadeus by Peter Shaffer The play â€Å"Amadeus† by Peter Shaffer was not written in order to be a biography of the great composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, much more than this, Peter Shaffer wrote it as a story, rather than a history. In his story he was free to insert fiction to make the play more interesting to a wide audience, as well as to fulfill his purposes. However, musicologists and historians have written several articles claiming that Peter Shaffer â€Å"trashed this immortal†Read MoreClassical Vs. Modern Music1409 Words   |  6 PagesClassical vs. Modern Music Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria. He was born to an overbearing and ambitious father, Leopold, who was more than anxious to exploit his son s extraordinary musical gifts. Mozart began composing at an early age, and he began touring around the same time. Throughout his life, Mozart made many enemies, many his own fault, through his naive arrogance and harsh critique of his musical contemporaries. He worked feverishly, composingRead MoreClassical vs. Modern Music Essay1080 Words   |  5 PagesClassical vs. Modern Music Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born on January 27, 1756, in Salzburg, Austria. He was born to an overbearing and ambitious father, Leopold, who was more than anxious to exploit his sons extraordinary musical gifts. Mozart began composing at an early age, and he began touring around the same time. Throughout his life, Mozart made many enemies, many his own fault, through his naive arrogance and harsh critique of his musical contemporaries. He worked feverishly, composing

Disaster Management Preparedness, Response, Recovery,...

Hurricane Katrina Case Study On August 29, 2009, Hurricane Katrina struck the United States Gulf Coast. It was a Category 3 Hurricane, according to the Saffir Simpson Scale. Winds gusted to up to 140 miles per hour, and the hurricane was almost 400 miles wide . The storm itself did a tremendous amount of damage, but the storm’s aftermath was cataclysmic. Many claimed that the federal government was slow to meet the needs of the hundreds of thousands of people affected by the storm. This paper will examine the four elements of disaster management – preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation – as well as an analysis on the data presented. Before we discuss disaster management, it is important to briefly sum up the events of the events that began on August 25, 2005 to fully understand the brevity of the situation. Meteorologists began warning inhabitants of the regions that were hit by Katrina on August 23, 2005. By the 28th, evacuations were under way, that day, the National Weather Service predicted that after the storm hit, â€Å"most of the [Gulf Coast] area will be uninhabitable for weeks†¦perhaps longer.† (Spowart, 2015) New Orleans was particularly vulnerable. More than half of the city was built below sea level, and the levees protecting it were built on porous sand. The poorest parts of the city were completely unprepared for a storm surge. Many of these citizens lacked transportation and could not evacuate, and were left to wait out Katrina in theirShow MoreRelatedEssay on Phases of Emergency Management915 Words   |  4 PagesEmergency Management Emergency management is often described in terms of â€Å"phases,† using terms such as mitigate, prepare, respond and recover. The main purpose of this assignment is to examine the origins, underlying concepts, variations, limitations, and implications of the â€Å"phases of emergency management.† In this paper we will look at definitions and descriptions of each phase or component of emergency management, the importance of understanding interrelationships and responsibilities for eachRead MoreOccupational Health And Safety Policies1680 Words   |  7 Pageshealth and safety at all levels at factory. Accord has developed this Occupational Health and Safety toolkit to support you to: †¢ Understand what a robust occupational health and safety system means for your business; †¢ Make the case with factory management and other colleagues to invest in this area and support you; †¢ Assess the performance of your current health and safety system; †¢ Identify areas where you can improve and develop action plans to improve your health and safety system. †¢ MonitorRead MoreDisaster Management Cycle1092 Words   |  5 PagesDisaster Preparedness and Management Assignment No. 1 [pic] Submitted to: Sir Muhammad Akmal Khan Submitted by: Tayyab Hasnain Janjua Reg # 14DD-410004 D.DRM Second Quarter Fall 2010 Disaster Management Cycle Disaster Risk Management includes sum total of all activities, programmes and measures which can be taken up before, during and after a disaster with the purpose to avoid a disaster, reduce its impact or recover from its losses. The three key stages of activities that areRead MorePotential Threats For Hampton Roads835 Words   |  4 Pagesorder to prepare for a disaster, there are many steps that need to be taken by all agencies involved. Emergency Medical Technician, Danielle Rose was able to provide some insight on how disasters are handled in our region. She is assigned to the Operations Section in the Incident Command System. This is just one of many sections with its own span of control (Rose, 2015). The span of control is the orderly line of authority that exists within the ranks of the incident management organization. Each sectionRead MoreMiddle Tennessee Disaster Analysis1472 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many disasters that occur everyday, but not always in the area in w hich one lives. The largest disaster in the area of middle Tennessee was the Cumberland river flooding in 2010. This disaster was the largest in the history of middle Tennessee, and doubled the previous record rainfall (Grigsby, 2015). This disaster ruined many historical locations, and displaced many people and businesses (Grisby, 2015). There were 11,000 buildings, and 10,000 people displaced (Grisby, 2015). The floodingRead MoreEvolution Of The Framework For Hazard Management1487 Words   |  6 Pagesemergency and hazard management. Major disasters, often resulting in catastrophes, have caused changes in emergency management and preparedness. As discussed in Disasters: Lessons from the past 105 years, â€Å"a disaster is a natural or man-made event that negatively affects life, property, livelihood or industry often resulting in permanent changes to human societies, ecosystems and environment† (Quarantelli,1998). Hurricane Katrina was one of the biggest emergency management catastrophes of thisRead MoreEmergency Planning And Community And Emergency Preparedness911 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In the recent past, disasters such as the massive fire that erupted from a hotel in Dubai’s Torch tower on the new Year’s Eve, earthquakes in countries like India, China and Japan that led to thousands of deaths and destruction of manufacturing companies, as well as hurricaneshave raised concern about the safety of workplaces. Some disasters such as floods and winter storms can be predicted early enough, while others, such as earthquakes, terror attacks and collapse of buildings haveRead MoreWhat Are the Characteristics of a Population for Which a Mean/Median/Mode Would Be Appropriate? Inappropriate1596 Words   |  7 PagesChapter is the continuation of an adaptation of a state plan for disaster preparation and response. In total, the original chapter comprises Chapters 1, 14, 16-18. Chapter Overview Many of you are reading this manual as part of your efforts to prepare as a spiritual care professional who will be ready to respond during times of disaster. Your main role will be to provide emotional and spiritual support to those affected by disaster, but it is also critical for you to understand the context in whichRead MoreDisaster Characteristics And Management Stages Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesDisaster Characteristics and Management Stages A disaster is defined as a natural or man-made incident in which the degree of destruction, death or injury overwhelms the community, exhausts the available resources and decreases the community’s ability to respond (Nies McEwen, 2015). The frequency of natural disasters in on the rise. Studies show that since the 1970’s, floods, storms, droughts and heatwaves have increased five-fold (Unesco, 2011). Many experts point to climate change as the causeRead MoreFour Phases of Emergency Management1976 Words   |  8 PagesFour Phases of Emergency Management In this section, the four phases of emergency management will be defined: mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Mitigation Over the last decade the social and economic costs of disasters to the United States, and throughout the World have grown significantly. During the 1990’s, FEMA spent over $25.4 billion to provide disaster assistance in the United States. During that decade, the economic toll of natural disasters, world wide, topped $608 billion

I Am Myself and My Mood free essay sample

Freshman year, I was dazed and confused. I had just moved across a stretch of 5368 miles from Ukraine to the American Midwest, got the chance to mould myself into the creation of my dreams. Caught in the whirlpool of opportunities, I was desperately trying to grab on to a straw of normalcy as I defined it: enrolled into the maximum number of classes (still half of what I had been used to), sought math circles, clubs, and competitions, made as many new friends as possible to figure out the novel culture. Later that year as part of my school’s experiential learning week, I travelled to Chicago with a group of fellow science enthusiasts. Together we explored the Windy City and its museums, savoured the unforgettable deep dish pizza. This was my first independent trip. I did not want to go back to the serene Midwest. Sophomore year, I felt powerful and exultant. We will write a custom essay sample on I Am Myself and My Mood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was struck with a purpose. Earlier, I had been distraught at the lack of knowledge about foreign cultures before (I can’t count how many times I had been labelled a â€Å"communist†), but realized I could change that. First semester I taught a class on Slavic cultures at my high school, and twenty students were aghast at the thought of sandwiches with one piece of bread, of school bathrooms with no sanitizer or toilet paper, but also amazed at the richness of the language, the respect of tradition, the unique mentality of a Slav. Second semester I got involved with the Columbus International Program, worked as an interpreter for Russian-speaking delegations from Turkmenistan and Belarus that had come to spread word of their culture. I got to tour the Supreme Court, translate for the director of Nationwide Insurance Human Resources, befriend incredible people from all around the globe. That summer I also proposed to organize a cultural awareness training program at my local library, a project that developed into the Exploration Station Program for young children. Junior year, I was motivated yet haphazard. The time had come for me to pick a direction (so I felt), and I decided to experiment. What did I really want out of life? I loved children, that was certain, from experiences at a summer business camp for elementary schoolers to those with my own baby sister, for whom I was a mentor, piano player, singer, big bear, wolf, princess, beast I pursued this path through the cultural program at the library, signed up for the community homework help center, cooperated with the math teachers at my school to help failing students. What next? I adored mathematics to the point that it was impossible to bear its absence when I had first arrived in the U.S. To aid with this, I took an Honors Analysis course at the local university, participated in several math competitions, spent my experiential learning week on the subject. Later that year, inspired by Freakonomics, a book written by a UChicago professor, I set out to do a research project of my own. Not only was I able to put myself in a behavioral economist’s shoes (which was great fun), but I also overwrote a popular conventional wisdom about bottled water and raised money for my school. After a temporary detour into the realm of theatre and music performance, I began my college search. Contrary to popular belief, I did not have to pick a path early on! In fact, at UChicago, I could experiment until my third year. What a relief indeed! Senior year, the prevalent mood is â€Å"excited†. It is college application time, an entry year into adulthood. I am teaching a â€Å"Joy of Mathematics† class the first semester, continuing with piano performance, fencing, tutoring, babysitting. I am enjoying every available opportunity, overwhelmed but happy, eagerly awaiting the wonders 12th grade holds for me. It’s safe to say even now that I’ve had the best possible time in high school. All that remains now is to pick a college that would allow my luck to continue. This essay is the final step towards that beautiful dream.

Sadaksjdka Essay Example

Sadaksjdka Essay Accomplishment Report (This accomplishment includes your assessment of the activity conducted. The questions asked per item are just guides. You may look at other dimensions, but please retain the outline). Title of Activity/ Project____________Tree Growing Activity_________________ College/ Unit___________COECS/ENG-107 NSTP 2______________ Date (s) Conducted______________March 1, 2013_____________________ Duration/ No. of hours/days_____February 8 –March 1, 2013 (7:00 10:00 A. M. )____ Total No. of participants__1__ Faculty ____Staff __32_ Students ____ Community . Background ? We have enjoyed the tree planting in the site we replaced the broken tree guards and recycled the broken tree guards to make a new one, we also cleaned the area and remove the tall grasses in the main site. 2. Target Beneficiaries ? The beneficiaries are the people in our community and also us too we can benefit to the trees that we planted as the days pass we will feel the fresh air filtered by the t rees we planted. 3. Objectives ? To enhance environmental conservation and stability ? To conserve the beautiful scenery of our nature To maintain the ecological balance 4. Insights/ Lessons Learned ? We learned that planting good deeds is like planting trees. What we plant, we reap. The mahogany saplings sown will turn into healthy and shady trees, ensuring timber and clean air for all of us. And when we do kindred and selfless acts, we foster brotherhood, and nurture good will among our fellowmen. Moreover, our lives have and will have more meanings. 5. Recommendation ? I wish to have more time for this activity for us to do more things and help the environment. And also we would want to do this activity in other places so we would return the better environment we had ever before. Submitted by:Noted by: ENG-107Mr Frederick Andal Sydney D. Bajenting ENG-101N Ang kabataan noon at ngayon Ang kabataan noon at ngayonay may maliit lamang na puwang sa kanilang pagkakalayo sa kilos, gawi, ugali, pananamit, damdamin at iba pang bagay. Sinasabing ang mga kabataan noon ay higit na magalang, masunurin at mabait di-tulad ng mga kabataan ngayon. Lubhang taimtim sa puso’t isipan nila ang kanilang ginagawa; sa kabilang dako, ang kabataan ngayon ay may mapagwalang-bahalang saloobin. We will write a custom essay sample on Sadaksjdka specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sadaksjdka specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sadaksjdka specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lalong masinop sa pag-aayos ng katawan at pananamit at lubhang matapat sa pagsunod sa batas ang mga kabataan noon, kaya wika nga, ang kabataan noon ay hubog sa pangaral at kababaang- loob at ang asal ay ipinagmamalaki ng lahat. Kaiba naman ang mga kabataan ngayon. Mulat  sila  sa makabagong panahon kaya higit na maunlad sa pangangatwiran na kung magkaminsan ay napagkakamalang pagwawalang-galang sa kapwa. Lubhang mapangahas sa mga gawin at mahilig sa maraming uri ng paglilibang. Napakatayog ng mga mithiin nila at higit na maunlad ang tunguhin. Marami rin ang magkasimbat at magkasinsipag sa mga kabataan noon at ngayon. Ang kabataan noon at ngayon ay pag-asa ng bayan natin. Kapwa  sila  makabayan, mapagmahal, matulungin sa mga kaangkan at may mga mithiin a  buhay. Ang pagkakaiba ay ayon sa lakad ng panahon. Hindi ba’t mayroon tayong â€Å"Sampung Lider na mga Kabataan† na pinipili taun-taon? Sila  ang saksi sa ating pinakamahuhusay na kabataan noon at ngayon. Yun lamang po at maraming salamat sa inyong paglalaan ng konting oras muli maraming salamat at magandang umaga. Read the original from:  Talumpati: Ang Kabataan Noon at Ngayon  http://thedailyblend. net/talumpati-ang-kabataan-noon-at-ngayon-1729. html#ixzz2Ntf3YM3x   Under Creative Commons License:  Attribution

Sherlock Holmes comparison essays

Sherlock Holmes comparison essays Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was an extraordinary novelist, as he was able to capture the minds of his readers by bringing the character of Sherlock Holmes to life. Although Doyle was able to create a life for the detective unlike any other, there are many similarities and routines in the way that he told each of his stories. These things are not necessarily bad as they add to the reality of Detective Sherlock Holmes. Some things that are common amongst Doyles novels are: the initial setting of the novel, the way that the antagonist seems to outsmart Holmes and the way that Holmes is always able to outsmart the antagonist, solve the crime and come out victorious. In the novels read The Hound of Baskervilles and The Adventure of the Mazarin Stone these aspects showed to be the base of the novel. Although there are many similarities among Doyles writings, they seem to build an even more interesting and complex story leaving the reader captivated in every word. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle was a literary genius. Each Sherlock Holmes Novel starts in a cozy little apartment on Baker Street. This apartment is owned by Mr. Holmes and is occupied by both he and Dr. Watson. Every morning Sherlock gets up, eats his breakfast and then sits in his easy chair to read the paper and/or think about his latest case. While sitting in his chair, Holmes will often smoke a pipe or drink coffee, which ease his mind allowing him to think deeper into what he is studying. He often converses with Watson about the matter as he is usually sitting in another easy chair on the opposite side of the room. Some examples are: Well, Watson, what do you make of it? and, And what is your theory of this poor fellows death? Every morning of Sherlock Holmes life, he seems to experience the exact same routine to start off his day. These rituals are common in every book and are a part of the superficial life of Sherlock ...

The Ultimate SAT Biology Subject Test Study Guide

The Ultimate SAT Biology Subject Test Study Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you’re applying to selective schools, you might have to submit SAT Subject Test scores along with your regular SAT (or ACT) scores. The Biology Subject Test (also called Biology SAT II) is a popular one because a vast majority of students take biology in high school, and most students find it less intimidating than chemistry or physics. This test can be a great way to fulfill your Subject Test requirements, especially if you plan on studying biology in college and want to show off your skills. In this study guide, I’ll give you all the background information you need to start studying for the Biology Subject Test as well as example questions, practice materials, and study tips to use along the way. Biology SAT Subject Test Overview: Format and Test Dates In terms of Biology SAT Subject Tests, you can choose to take either Biology Ecological (Biology-E) or Biology Molecular (Biology-M). According to the College Board's descriptions of the two SAT Subject Tests, Biology-E "leans more toward biological communities, populations, and energy flow," whereas Biology-M is more "geared toward biochemistry, cellular structure and processes, such as respiration and photosynthesis." Both versions have the same test format and guidelines: Total Time: 60 minutes Total Number of Questions: 80 multiple-choice questions Scoring: Scored on a scale from 200 to 800 No calculator allowed! Sixty of the questions are identical for both versions of the test, while the last 20 are specialized to either E or M. Biology E/M is offered on the May, June, August, October, November, and December SAT Subject Test dates. Should You Take the Biology Subject Test? Which Version? Now that you understand what the Biology SAT Subject Test entails, should you take it or not? To help you decide, you need to first find out if any of the schools you’re applying to require or recommend SAT Subject Tests. You can do this by simply looking at our other article for a full list of schools that ask applicants to send Subject Test scores (we also introduce these schools’ specific requirements). If you already know that you need to take Subject Tests, there are a few reasons you might look to the Biology test as a viable option. Want to get better grades and test scores? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. When to Consider Taking the Biology Subject Test Here are three cases in which it's a smart idea to consider taking the Biology SAT Subject Test. #1: You Just Took a Biology Class It's best to take the test in the spring right after you finish a biology course to cut down on study time. Here is the College Board’s recommended preparation for the Biology Subject Test: A one-year introductory college preparatory course in biology A one-year course in algebra Laboratory experience The Biology Subject Test is an especially good idea if you’ve just taken AP Biology (and have already prepared for the AP test). Subject tests are less intense than AP tests, so in comparison, it will probably seem like a breeze to you. #2: You Haven't Taken a Science Subject Test Most colleges that require or recommend SAT Subject Tests are looking for one in the humanities and one in the sciences (except for a couple of outliers such as MIT, which wants math and science Subject Tests). If you need to take a Subject Test in the sciences and you’re nervous about it, Biology is the way to go. It should be slightly easier for you than Physics or Chemistry will be if you’re a stronger humanities student. Why? The Biology test involves fewer obscure concepts and calculations, and you can rely slightly more on memorization and basic logic to answer the questions. #3: You Have a Special Interest in Biology If you’re interested in pursuing biology as a course of study, it’s a great idea to take the Biology Subject Test as a way to demonstrate your aptitude for the subject. If you’ve also done other specialized programs or projects in high school related to biology, taking the Subject Test will only bolster the cohesiveness of your application. Alright, let's do this. Assuming some or all of the factors listed above apply to you, and you’ve decided to take the test, there’s still one more decision to make: Biology E or Biology M? How to Decide Between the Biology E and Biology M Versions I gave you a short description of the content of each of these two tests in the previous section, but it probably wasn't enough information for you to make a decision. This choice ultimately comes down to whether you’re more comfortable with the macro or micro aspects of biology. SAT Biology-E deals more with large-scale energy flow in ecosystems and changes in the environment over time. By contrast, Biology M focuses more on the chemical elements of biology that occur on a minuscule scale. If you’re more of a science-oriented student, you’ll probably be better off with Biology-M. If you’re more into subjects like history and English, Biology-E might be a better choice. Keep in mind that the two tests aren’t completely different. There are only 20 questions out of 80 that are specific to either E or M. For this reason, I wouldn’t stress too much over your choice. If you took a biology class and did reasonably well in it, you shouldn’t have a problem with either version of the test. Oh, and for anyone who’s wondering- yes, you can take both Biology-E and Biology-M, but you can’t take them both on the same test date (makes sense, considering they’re almost the same test!). Biology-M is more about this type of stuff. You know- all the creepy things happening at the molecular level inside your body. Right. Now. What’s on the Biology SAT II? Here’s a content overview provided by the College Board that lists the division of topics for each version of the Biology SAT Subject Test: From the chart, you can see that many more questions are devoted to Cellular and Molecular Biology on the Biology-M test, and many more are devoted to Ecology on the Biology-E test. Notice that Biology M also has slightly more questions on Genetics, whereas Biology E has slightly more questions on Evolution and Diversity. Both tests have the same number of questions dealing with Organismal Biology. These topics should all be familiar to you if you’ve taken a biology course. The types of skills tested on both Biology-E and Biology-M include the following: Recalling fundamental concepts and specific facts (about 30% of test) Applying biological knowledge to practical scenarios presented on the test and solving problems using mathematical relationships (about 35% of test) Making inferences and forming conclusions based on qualitative and quantitative data (about 35% of test) Essentially, 70% of questions will present a scenario and then ask you to make deductions or calculations based on it. The scenario could be a chart of bacteria growth or a description of a lab procedure. It’s important to know the fundamental parts of an experiment (independent and dependent variables) and be able to project your understanding onto unfamiliar situations. The other 30% of questions just ask you to recall biological facts directly. I'll provide examples of different types of questions you can expect to see on the test in the next section. You might see questions about changes in species population density in a particular ecosystem. It's the ciiiiiircle of liiiiiiifeeeee! Biology Subject Test Question Types Here are a few official examples of the different types of questions you might see on the Biology Subject Test. Each question corresponds to one of the three skills I mentioned above. Type 1: Data Interpretation As I mentioned in the previous section, many of the questions on the test ask you to look at data and make deductions from the information given. In this question, although species Y isn’t explicitly mentioned in the chart, we know from the background information that whatever percentage of species X is planted, species Y seeds must make up the remainder. To answer the question, we have to figure out where the graphed line intersects with the line that indicates the 25% mark on the x-axis (that is, the harvest at the point where 25% species X and 75% species Y were planted). It appears that the harvest was 50% species X, which means it must also have been 50% species Y. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Type 2: Applying Concepts In this question, you’re asked to apply your biology knowledge to a given situation. Why did the results recorded in the graph occur based on what you know about the experiment? From the background information (and from studying for the test), we know that thymine is one of the four main nucleotide bases present in DNA. Choice E makes the most sense as an answer to this question because as the embryos develop, they’re consistently forming DNA using the radioactive thymine that’s available to them. As I wrote above, you'll also be asked to apply your knowledge of the scientific method and lab procedures to specific scenarios on the test. Take a look at the next question dealing with this radioactivity experiment: The correct answer is choice C. This would be an appropriate control scenario because RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. The results of the experiment upon adding radioactive uracil would demonstrate definitively that the original experiment measured DNA and not RNA synthesis. Type 3: Recalling Facts You'll also see questions like this on the Biology Subject Test that ask you to recall basic facts. The answer to question 1 would be (B), and the answer to question 2 would be (A). Sometimes these questions are accompanied by diagrams. Here's an example of one in a slightly different format: This is a little more challenging since you need to identify the parts of the flower that the numbers are labeling and also remember the functions of those specific parts. The answer to question 6 is (A), and the answer to question 7 is (D). 10/10 would pollinate. Where to Find Practice Materials for the Biology Subject Test If you're looking to prep for the Biology SAT Subject test, you'll need some quality study materials. I've compiled a list of where to find the best practice tests and review guides. Free Online Sample Questions and Tests This is a list of online (official and unofficial) practice materials for the Biology E/M Subject Test. Most of these resources don't provide complete practice tests, but there are tons of questions available that will expose you to the full range of the content on the exam. Official Biology Subject Test Practice Questions We'll start with the best of the best: official practice questions created by the College Board. All of these questions are extremely realistic and very similar to the ones you'll see on test day. General Biology: 24 practice questions with answer explanations. Biology-E: Five questions specific to Biology-E. Biology-M: Five questions specific to Biology-M. The SAT Subject Tests Student Guide: Pages 20-24 offer a total of 17 biology questions (11 on general biology, three on Biology-E, and three on Biology-M). Answers and explanations are available here. CrackSAT Practice Tests and Questions Although all of these tests are much shorter than the real thing, they're still incredibly useful as practice materials. Note that since there's less of a focus on lab and data analysis, these questions might be less challenging than those on the actual test. SAT II: Biology Google Site This site has two full-length practice tests and two diagnostic tests. It doesn't have automatic scoring since all pages are scanned PDFs, so these are good to print out and take like the real test. Be sure to emulate real testing conditions as closely as possible: follow the official time limit and take them in a quiet room without distractions. Free Online Content Review Khan Academy is a free website and partner of the College Board that provides tons of learning materials, including video lessons, practice questions, and answer explanations, for the SAT and various school subjects. Its biology section is especially helpful since it offers an overview of essential concepts, many of which you'll find on the Biology SAT Subject Test. In addition to in-depth videos that teach you the basic (and even more advanced) biology concepts, Khan Academy offers more than 80 biology practice questions. While these questions don't look like those you'll see on the Subject Test, they're still useful for helping you learn and retain the fundamentals of the subject. Paid Review Books In addition to free resources, there are a few helpful review books you can buy that are specifically for Biology E/M. You can also check out this article that focuses on the best books to use for the Biology Subject Test based on your score level. The Official SAT Subject Test in Biology Study Guide: This official book is a must-have. It includes two full-length Biology tests (that were actually administered in the past!) as well as detailed answer explanations and a few test-taking tips. Buy it for around $13 on Amazon. The Official Study Guide for ALL SAT Subject Tests, 2nd Edition: This book contains official practice tests for all SAT Subject Tests, including, of course, the Biology test. It's a good choice if you're planning to take other SAT Subject Tests and prefer having one comprehensive resource. The current price is around $19 on Amazon. Barron's SAT Subject Test Biology E/M, 6th Edition: Although this is an unofficial resource, it's got a lot of material you can work with, including more than 350 questions and two full-length practice tests. It currently sells for about $16 on Amazon. Cracking the SAT Subject Test in Biology E/M, 16th Edition: This book by The Princeton Review aims to get you a perfect 800 on the Biology test. Although its questions aren't as realistic as those in official resources, it does offer a solid array of learning material, from helpful test-taking strategies to practice tests. You can buy it for around $14 on Amazon. Sterling SAT Biology E/M Practice Questions: High Yield SAT Biology E/M Questions: If you want a comprehensive resource of Biology practice questions, look no further. This book offers an astounding 1,500+ practice questions and answer explanations. The current cost is about $23 on Amazon. And when you're done taking practice tests, you can reward yourself with something that would be unacceptable to consume in public. In the immortal words of the Goo Goo Dolls, "And I don't want the world to see me / 'Cause I don't think that they'd understand / When everything's made to be chocolate / I just want you to know who I am." Want to get better grades and test scores? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. How to Study for the Biology Subject Test Here are a couple of pointers to keep in mind as you study for the Biology SAT Subject Test. Don’t Over-Prepare Remember that this isn’t an AP test- there are no free-response questions, and much of the test involves interpreting information that’s already been provided to you. Therefore, if you recently took a final exam for a biology class or the AP Biology test and felt pretty confident about your performance, you shouldn’t have any issues acing the Subject Test. I’d still recommend taking a practice test (as discussed in my next point), but there’s no need to kill yourself with studying if the information is fresh in your mind. If it’s been a year or so since you took a biology class, a few hours of review might be in order. Again, though, this test shouldn’t be especially challenging for you if you’ve already completed a mid- to high-level biology course. Take Plenty of Practice Tests Even if you feel very comfortable with the subject matter, you should take at least one practice test as an experiment to see how high you’re scoring. This way, if you’re at a satisfactory score level, you can avoid wasting time with additional studying. If your results are lower than expected, analyze your mistakes and then study the relevant content areas (or just do similar practice problems if your mistakes are related to data interpretation more so than they are to general biology knowledge). You can also do some practice questions for each version of the Biology test on the College Board website and/or those in the other resources listed above. Practice tests can help raise alarms about unexpected problem areas on the test. Acing the Biology Subject Test: 3 Essential Test-Taking Tips In this section, I'll give you a few tips for when you actually sit down to take the Biology SAT Subject Test. Tailoring your strategy to the format and content will do wonders for your score! Tip 1: Read the Background Information- but Don’t Overthink It As you saw from the examples above, questions on the Biology SAT Subject Test often come paired with background information to contextualize the data being provided to you. This will come in the form of a paragraph that describes the experiment so you don’t get confused when you look at the corresponding chart or graph. Always take a moment to read this paragraph, as it sometimes contains information that isn’t clear if you view the data in isolation. However, don't get too wrapped up in understanding every aspect of the experiment. It’s best to maintain a practical mindset and just focus on understanding the parts you need to know so you can answer the questions. Take the second sample question above. Here it is again for your reference: You can see that some of the information in the paragraph- such as the fact that radioactivity was measured in "counts per minute"- doesn't actually help you answer the question. Be efficient, and avoid dwelling on smaller details that might not be important. Tip 2: Don't Linger on Hard Questions As you're taking the Biology Subject Test, you might come across some questions you can't figure out right away. If you spend more than 30 seconds on a question without getting any closer to the correct answer, skip it for the time being and move forward. Lingering on problems that give you trouble spells danger for this test, so try to answer all the less challenging questions first so you don't run out of time at the end and miss any easy points. Tip 3: Keep Guessing to a Minimum Although there's no guessing penalty on the regular SAT, SAT Subject Tests are still under the fractional-point subtraction's reign of terror. This means that guessing incorrectly is worse for your score than leaving a question blank. Answering a question incorrectly on the Biology Subject Test will cause you to lose 1/4 a point, leaving a question blank results in no loss or gain of points, and answering a question correctly earns you one point. As a result, don't guess on a question unless you can eliminate at least one wrong answer choice. Otherwise, you're taking too much of a risk. If you're completely stumped by a question, just leave it blank. If you can't decide between five answer options that all seem equally viable to you, leave the question blank. Conclusion: How to Prep for the Biology SAT Subject Test The Biology Subject Test can be an easy and convenient way to fulfill your SAT II requirements for college applications. You have the option of taking either Biology-E (ecological) or Biology-M (molecular), but 75% of the questions are the same on both tests. Both versions of the test are an hour long and include 80 multiple-choice questions that deal with topics ranging from cell biology to genetics to evolution. Though these questions mostly cover basic biology knowledge, there's also a significant amount of data interpretation and analysis of experimental scenarios. Take a practice test to see where you stand, and do additional studying if you find your knowledge is lacking. If you were successful in your high school biology class, you should generally have no problem doing well on this test with just a little bit of preparation! What's Next? Are you currently taking AP Biology? Learn more about the format and content of the AP test, and get a rundown of the best resources you can use to study for the exam! You should also read our complete review guide for AP Biology. You can use it to brush up on some skills that will come in handy for the Biology Subject Test as well. While you're studying for the Biology Subject Test (or even if you're just taking bio), take advantage of our articles reviewing key bio concepts. Start with our exploration of the distinction between homologous and analogous structures, then go on to our guides to enzymes, the photosynthesis equation, cell theory, cell membranes, and the endoplasmic reticulum. Still not sure whether you should take the Biology Subject Test? Check out this expert advice on which Subject Tests you should take based on your goals and interests. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

Cntemporary Asian Societies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cntemporary Asian Societies - Essay Example For a long tine, Asian countries isolated themselves from the rest of the world trying to keep untouched old traditions and values (Metcalf, pg 6). Thus, since the beginning of the XX century, they have experienced a strong influence on their cultural traditions and building practices. This influence had a negative impact on Asian societies spreading alien cultures and the building crafts (Hawkes, pg 9). The main issue against modern building practices is that Asian societies developed unique building traditions and distinct practices which comply with their needs and regional differences. Asian societies should stick to their own building traditions because they reflect cultural uniqueness and religious beliefs followed by generations. Hinduism, Aryans, Dravidians, Islamic, Christian, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism developed building styles which reflect their unique and distinct beliefs and values. For instance, the earliest surviving monuments of architecture date from the tenth century. Perhaps the first shrine is the Nat Hlaung Gyaung at Pagn, a temple traditionally dated in 931 and one of the few Hindu monuments in the history of Burmese architecture. Even this structure has certain characteristics of Burmese architecture of all periods (Metcalf, pg 23). ... Other temples of this early period at Pagan, such as the Ngakye Nadaun of the tenth century, recall the form of Gupta stupas, such as the Dhamekh stupa at Sarnath (Metcalf, pg 23). Just as these buildings, for all their elaborateness, are the ultimate descendants of old Indian architecture, the typically Burmese technique of lacquer decoration goes back at least to the period of florescence at Pagn in the thirteenth century (Lim, Beng, pg 68). These building have survived for over a thousand years while modern buildings survive only for 80 years. Old building traditions meet geographical peculiarities and climate diversity of Asian societies. All of building traditions meant planning, planning for communities, planning which should take into account architectural amenity as well as practical utility; and every single example of these planned communities like the ample and attractive housing built in numerous Asians cultural centers reflect old styles and geographical peculiarities (Goad et al ph65). Following Hawkes (1996) modern construction and building practices allow only the passive control of climate through built form (pg 34). In contrast, old building traditions (as shading and wind-channelling devices) are quite effective, mitigating solar gain at the hottest times of the day and encouraging useful cross-ventilation (Hawkes pg 45). What is more, they frame and direct views of the surroundings and give depth and relief to the facades. Upon entering the old building, the reticence of the facades gives way to a top-lit, daylight filled entrance court, the first of two such courts. But in old buildings the means of environmental control is clear and the legible (Frampton, pg 14). In sum,

Information Systems in Business Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Information Systems in Business - Coursework Example Putting catalogs, newsletters and invoices online will save numerous trees. The war game hosting business is an inexpensive way to reach and interact with new markets. Savings will be made on office and transportation costs. War game hosting will also offer unlimited possibilities for the business. The order and payment processes, inventory management and the customer support tasks will be fully automated (Reuvid 2005). The war game hosting is a sign of professionalism and the business will have a global presence 24/7. There are fewer competitors for international war game hosting and for some countries where it is illegal, people who are interested in war games can have an opportunity to play in other countries. The future of hosting war games online looks bright. Currently, both direct and indirect global sales attributed to the internet constitute nearly 5 percent of total sales (Blythe & Megicks 2010). Five years from now, these global sales are expected to rise to 35 percent (Blythe & Megicks 2010). According to the Integrated Management Resources Group (IMRG), online sales in Australia alone will stand at 10 billion pounds by 2011 (Blythe & Megicks 2010). In May 2007 global electronic commerce generated 750 million pounds and in May 2008 it generated 2.3 billion pounds (Blythe & Megicks 2010). During the last three years, internet traffic has doubled every 100 days (Blythe & Megicks 2010). Currently, 40 million Australian devices are connected to the internet (Blythe & Megicks 2010). By 2012, this figure is expected to rise to 65 million (Blythe & Megicks 2010). By 2012, it is likely that 1 billion devices will be linked to the Internet worldwide (Blythe & Megicks 2010). Given the low competition and these figures, the international war game hosting is likely to generate revenue and profits. Building cooperation with war game owners and air soft gun

The value of cross-cultural studies Essay Example for Free

The value of cross-cultural studies Essay A cross-cultural study examines human behavior by comparing members of at least two different societies. Comparing two groups that differ only in terms of culture allows researchers the opportunity to determine whether certain traits, behaviors, and practices are culturally bound. In addition to differentiating contextual factors, like socioeconomic status and education, from cultural factors, cross-cultural studies can also test hypotheses posed about a certain way of life. Cross-cultural studies also answer questions of variations. Do traits like intelligence or self-esteem differ across different countries? Every culture cherishes its strengths and absorbs its weaknesses. Cross-cultural studies allow scientists and researchers to define the unique personalities of the world’s countries. A recent study by Fiori, Antonucci, and Akiyama (2008) is an example of a cross-cultural study that sought to answer the question of whether social relationships among the elderly differed between older Americans compared to older Japanese citizens. This research utilized archival data gathered for another study over a decade ago. Face-to-face interviews were conducted for approximately 60 minutes to determine how many, what quality, and what type of relationships elderly participants experienced. Different types of social networks were determined and labeled, including such types as family-focused, friend focused, and various types of restricted relationships (Fiori, Antonucci, Akiyama, 2008). All participants also consented to the disclosure of a number of health variables, including time of death. A statistical analysis examined the association between social networks and morbidity. One of the aims of this cross-cultural investigation sought to identify societal differences in social relationships. Fiori and colleagues concluded some types of relationships described by the elderly are shared by both the Japanese and American cultures. These include family-centered and friend-centered. Other types of social networks are unique to that country, like the married/distal label attached to the Japanese tendency to experience the companionship of marriage with little social contact with others. Social networks labeled â€Å"diverse† were exceptionally common in the United States but rarely observed in Japan. Elderly Americans also experienced two distinct barriers to social relationships, structural restrictions and functional restrictions. Older adults who live far from family members and may be socially isolated experience structurally restricted socially networks. A functionally restricted social network includes proximal family members or contacts but these relationships fail to meet the emotional and social needs of the older individual. In addition to exploring cultural differences between the social networks of the elderly in Japan and the United States, this study also identified differences in associations to health and survival related to these relationships. Americans who reported functionally restricted relationships were at a much greater risk for depressive symptoms and a number of negative health adversities. Those with structurally restricted relationships, however, demonstrated higher and faster rates of morbidity compared to participants who experienced other social network types. Interestingly, Japanese participants showed no difference in health variables or survival associated with social networks. The information garnered from this study can be applied to working with the elderly population. The need to consider social networks and cultural factors is clearly established. Future research can expand these findings to develop interventions to target negative or nonexistent social relationships among the elderly. Longitudinal research is needed to draw a causal connection between social networks and health, but the importance of these variables has certainly been emphasized by this study. References Fiori, K. L. , Antonucci, T. C. , Akiyama, H. (2008). Profiles of social relations among older adults: A cross-cultural approach. Ageing and Society, 28, 203-231.

Taking the First Step :: essays papers

Taking the First Step On January 27, 1998, in his State of the Union Address, President Clinton proposed an idea that would immediately spawn a national debate. The goal that President Clinton sought was to reduce class size in grades 1-3, nationwide, to an average of 18 students per class. The president’s plan was to provide enough funds to school districts so that an additional 100,000 teachers could be hired. Throughout the rest of his proposal President Clinton covered every other questionable aspect of this plan. Realizing that new schools and classrooms would have to be built, President Clinton called for a school construction tax cut (Clinton 1998). President Clinton was very adamant about his proposition. However, there were, and still are, those that cannot and will not look past the money issue. Building new buildings and hiring new teachers, among many other changes to be made, will be extremely costly. Many critics have asked why the President’s proposed money cannot be spent on programs to better the school systems, rather than on completely rebuilding them. Case Studies Many studies have been conducted in school districts throughout the country, all of which have experimented with different class size reduction (CSR) techniques to determine whether or not President Clinton’s goal can be achieved. According to the April Press Release of the 2001 Legislative Session for the state of Maryland, the General Assembly, along with Governors Parris N. Glendening and Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, have instituted a record amount of investment projects dealing with education. Among those passed by the General Assembly is an Early Childhood Education initiative in which $19 million will be used to lower class sizes, create all-day Kindergartens, and buy new library and other support materials. This will help to raise standardized test scores later on. In addition, an extra $11 million will be spent on various new Pre-K programs. In 2000, the state of California created a Federal Class Size Reduction Program. The chart/road map that was produced investigated the steps that had to be followed in order to ensure that funds were being used properly, and that all classes, in grades K-3, were reduced. Long before President Clinton’s proposal, states were exploring ways to decrease class sizes. In fact, between the years 1985 and 1989, Tennessee conducted their famous PROJECT STAR (Student/Teacher Achievement Ratio). The study split the K-3 classes into three different class types: small classes, (containing only 13-17 children per teacher), regular classes (containing 22-25 students per teacher), and regular classes with a teacher’s aide who was in the classroom full time.

Comparing Organic And Non Organic Food Environmental Sciences Essay

Is organic nutrient better than conventional nutrient? ‘ This is the issue that has been a hot subject since the late 2000 ‘s. ( Michelle, 2007 ) . Organic nutrient defined by the nutrient must be produced, procedures and packaged without the presence of man-made pesticides, weedkillers, insect powders, antifungals, etc.However, conventional agriculture uses chemical weedkillers to pull off weed or uses pesticides to cut down plague and disease. ( Robin, 2008 ) The carnal Federal organic nutrient and the animate being that non given unreal endocrines, like antibiotics, growing endocrines are considered as the animate beings can be organically raised. ( All4NaturalHealth, 2007 ) Why is organic nutrient going so popular? Harmonizing to the research of Food Marketing Institute, there is about half of Americans buy organic nutrient one time a month. During 1990s, organic agriculture was the fastest turning agribusiness in U.S and organic nutrient production had has increased its growing rates around 25 % a twelvemonth. ( Lee, 2009 ) In this study, I will be chiefly researching the biological significance of organic nutrient and conventional nutrient, the pros and cons of taking organic nutrient. 2.0 Biological significance Based on the briefly debut of organic nutrient and conventional nutrient, it is grounds that there are two distinguishable types of nutrient. Organic agriculture is designed to bring forth the nutrient without utilizing conventional methods to fertilise, command weeds and cut down plague. Organic husbandmans may use sophisticated harvest rotary motions or mechanical cultivated land to command the weed growing instead than utilizing man-made weed-killers. Unlike conventional husbandmans, the meat, dairy merchandises and eggs that organic husbandmans produced are from animate beings that are fed organic provender and allowed entree to grazing land. In extra, the farm animal diseases are controlled fundamentally by organic husbandmans through balanced diet, healthful lodging, rotational graze etc. Figure 1: The sum-up of differences between conventional agriculture and organic agriculture: Conventional husbandmans Organic husbandmans Apply chemical fertilisers to advance works growing. Apply natural fertilisers, such as manure or compost, to feed dirt and workss. Spray insecticides to cut down plagues and disease. Use good insects and birds, copulating break or traps to cut down plagues and disease. Use chemical weedkillers to pull off weeds. Rotate harvests, boulder clay, manus weed or mulch to pull off weeds. Give animate beings antibiotics, growing endocrines and medicines to forestall disease and spur growing. Give animate beings organic provender and let them entree to the out-of-doorss. Use preventative steps – such as rotational graze, a balanced diet and clean lodging – to assist minimise disease. Beginning: MFMER, 2008 3.0 Advantages of organic nutrient ( compared to conventional nutrient ) 3.1 Having nutrition Organic nutrient is more alimentary than conventional nutrient. Organic nutrient is grown in dirt that ‘s healthier, since it is toxic-free substances from the man-made chemical substances which helps transport out the greatest possible good health. ( Kirstie, 2010 ) . There is less wellness harming chemicals on the nutrient that people may devour. ( Louise, 2009 ) Organic nutrient contains 50 % more foods, minerals and vitamins than conventional nutrient. Peoples have to eat more vegetable and fruit to Organically adult nutrients are alimentary although they may non look as colorful and good nowadayss as conventional nutrient. Peoples have to eat more veggies fruits presents to build the lack. However unluckily, the nutrient that contains hurt, more unfavourable affects on. ( Voice Marketing, 2008 ) . The incidence of new malignant neoplastic disease instances per twelvemonth between 1972 and 2004 Beginning: Julie, 2004 The graph shows that the incident of new malignant neoplastic disease has risen over 50 % merely between 32 old ages. ( Julie, 2004 ) 3.2 Health of environment Turning nutrients organically can protect the surface soil from eroding. Besides, organic nutrients do non impact the environment like conventional nutrients do, because there are no mills, pesticides, or preservatives that are added to the nutrient, so there is no waste to force onto the environment ( Loius, 2009 ) . Organic agriculture is less damaging to the environment and can protect the surface soil from eroding, because balance and biodiversity are encouraged. There is no fouling chemicals emitted as agrochemicals and unreal fertilisers like weedkillers and pesticides are absent in turning organic nutrient. Harmonizing to Government findings, organic agriculture has a lower C footmark than conventional agribusiness, in general utilizing 27 % less energy ( Caroline,2009 ) . 3.3 Tastes better and maintain longer Organic poulets live longer than battery poulets and the gustatory sensation is uncomparable. Organic poulets besides live longer than most free-range birds although there is arguably small or no difference in spirit and quality. Caroline,2009 The organically grown nutrient gustatory sensations better than that conventionally grown. The pleasingness of fruit and veggies is straight related to its sugar content, which in bend is a map of the quality of nutrition that the works itself has enjoyed. Food Keeps Longer Organically adult workss are nourished of course, rendering the structural and metabolic unity of their cellular construction superior to those conventionally adult. As a consequence, organically grown nutrients can be stored longer and make non demo the latter ‘s susceptibleness to rapid cast and decomposition. ( Julie ) 4.0 Disadvantages of organic nutrient ( compared to conventional nutrient ) With every positive comes a small negative, and organic nutrient is no exclusion. Time Indeed, organic agriculture requires greater interaction between a husbandman and his harvest for observation, timely intercession and weed control for case. It is inherently more labour intensive than chemical/mechanical agribusiness so that, of course a individual husbandman can bring forth more harvest utilizing industrial methods than he or she could by entirely organic methods. Skill advantages and disadvantages organic farming It requires well more skill to farm organically. However, because professional agriculture of any kind of course imparts a stopping point and observant relationship to populating things, the best organic husbandmans are converted agrichemical husbandmans. Organic husbandmans do non hold some convenient chemical hole on the shelf for every job they encounter. They have to prosecute careful observation and greater apprehension in order to cognize how to tweak their agriculture system to rectify the cause of the job instead than merely seting a plaster over its consequence. This is a bigger issue during the transition period from conventional to entirely organic when both the acquisition curve and passage related jobs are top outing ( it takes clip to construct a healthy farm ecosystem that copes good without man-made crutches ) . Organic husbandmans I have interviewed study that their most valuable redresss and advice come from other organic husbandmans. CostAt the minute organic nutrients are excessively expensive when compared to other nutrient merchandises that use pesticides and familial technology, because of harvest failures since husbandmans can non utilize any chemicals like pesticides. Since larger companies have bought into the Organic it is overselling and being treated more like a trade name so what it should be a manner of life, because corporations are merely traveling to utilize it for their greedy desires and inflate monetary values up to 50 % when compared to non organic merchandises. ( Kenyon,2008 )One more disadvantages organic nutrient production has is its cost. Less nutrient is produced per acre, and the nutrient does n't maintain every bit good, so it is more dearly-won to turn and bring forth organic nutrient. Those added costs are passed on to the consumer. For that ground, it is a disadvantage of organic nutrient that hapless people can non afford it.

Drama assessment on dennis kellys ‘DNA’

Lea being the main narrator, sat up on her knees, Inviting the audience In to listen and seemed more comforting and engaged, whereas Phil communicated with the audience with the lack of focus and response, showing have AR away Phil really is to understanding Leash's thoughts and feelings. The actors facial features were kept very minimal, neural expressions which showed no emotion allowing the other two character to really communicate and show the audience what they really think and feel.We did this to support our Interpretation of the characters and what we got from the play which was that Lea had deep feelings for Phil, which he took for granted. I played Leash's conscience, alongside†¦.. , who played Phial's. I and †¦ Walked up to each other hesitantly, showing the lack of communication between the characters as their unsure of their relationship. We help our hands out towards each other after we had separated to communicate through the use of gesture, to the audience th at we do truly need each other, we just can't show it.This was my idea, and I think it was successful because I really wanted to show to the audience the true feelings of the two characters and I think this was a good moment to communicate with the audience. I contrasted with tone of voice, as she uses a soft yet pleading tone, I respond to it with an aggressive tug of Cam's arm, silently beginning him to respond. Leash's self-conscious, in coherent character and Phial's stubborn blindness, tops them communicating, and I believe this is why their relationship is so strained and unclear. Ã'›â€ ¦ Asked us to enter the stage one by one, and to create a still image of a character, showing them at the start and end of the play. We had to then bring our image to life, using role play to show what we would have thought at those points. I was playing Brian, a miss interpreted character, which didn't get enough attention even though the situation was clearly affecting him in a strong ph ysiological level. For my first still image I stood with a slouch, protectively wrapping my arms around my odd, by lowering onto a smaller level, symbolizes Briar's vulnerability and scared nature.Avoiding eye contact too communicate with the audience, showing how uncomfortable Brain was, repeating â€Å"l can't go In there† and â€Å"l feel guilty, stuttering my words. By slurring and stuttering the words shows the audience that I'm not an overly confident character and the pressure and guilt Is getting too much for me, communicating my feelings and status within the group, saying things Like â€Å"they can't make me go in their again†, showing that the rest of the group takes advantage of his weak nature, which Is showed throughout the play. On the other hand, when †¦. Wowed his Interpretation, he showed Brian forcefully splitting out his words, showing his distaste towards the other characters In the play, glaring at the audience, communicating via facial expr ession, whereas I relied on my body language. After delivering my narration, I used a melting machine to change my Briar's over enthusiastic, UN naturalistic character in contrast to the serious situation he was in. At the end of the play, you're informed of Briar's diagnosed mental issue, so I tried to communicate that with over enthusiastic body moment and gestures, to express the erratic state of his mind.It was intriguing to see where the characters ended up after being involved in murder, and Briar's account has got to be the most shocking and legit, Dennis Kelly is clever with the way he shows his character. Miss asked us to get into larger groups to perform a conscious alley to show Phial's inner battle for his decision to kill Adam. My group was the most effective as we added various bits of narration in the mist of some role playing in unison. I was on the side which was trying to skillfully persuade Phil to choose the moral decision, too not killWe started off with the lig hts off, eliminating the audiences senses, all laughing in high pitches, moving around the blocks to make the audience vulnerable, communicating Adams feelings which he would of felt when he woke up with the woods surrounding him. I silenced the laughing and the darkness by saying the line â€Å"So however you been living? â€Å", a seemingly innocent, naturalistic question, which then .. Elaborates and turns the scene from Statisticians inspired to Retard in a quick change of pace, which is heightened with the rest of us hitting the block and our legs and add a form of an ritual.

Describe A Person Who Has Significantly Influenced Essays

Describe A Person Who Has Significantly Influenced Essays Describe A Person who has significantly Influenced University of Washington "I shudder at the sight of it. I'd rather see them steal that salad than throw it away," my father bellows in consternation after witnessing the closing rituals at Wendy's. "Pa, they do it so they can serve fresh food tomorrow," I defend the fast food employees' actions. Despite our past four and a half years in "the Land of Plenty," my father clings to his frugality and tremendous respect for food, acquired by necessity throughout his life in the Soviet Union. The sharp contrast between my Americanized perspective and old views and habits retained by my father makes such debates a common occurrence. Besides performing all the prescribed functions of a "parental unit," my father helps me attain objectivity in my judgments by demonstrating how cultural background affects our view of situations. Coming to the United States at the age of thirteen felt like falling into a roaring stream without any swimming skills. Dog paddling, panting, and swallowing gallons of water on the way, I learned to keep myself afloat and gradually gained experience. Cultural adaptation was not a choiceit was a survival need. Along with comic strips and smiles at supermarkets, my mind absorbed such elements of American culture as equal opportunity and self-confidence. The existence of programs such as English as a Second Language at my junior high school persuaded me that these concepts were implemented in daily life. I was thrilled that someone had toiled to ensure that foreigners like myself had the same access to education as the other students. Thus convinced of the tangibility of American beliefs, I began to deem them universal. On the other hand, my father, a 45-year old when we arrived, still perceives reality in Soviet terms, with American customs being an exception to the rule. His comments on the news radically differ from what my American friends have to say. When the hospitalization of the Russian President Boris Yeltsin had the world pondering Russia's future, my father inferred latent meanings from newspaper articles. "I can only trust half of what they say," he would grumble. "Here they say the President doesn't have a liver condition, which, of course, means that he does." Stemming from the paucity of integrity in the old Soviet Union, disbelief and sarcasm permeate Papa's personal philosophy. Dismissing all things immaterial as irrelevant, my father often ridicules the ideas I hold dear, such as political correctness. Some of my activities he does not question, but admits that their value is a mystery to him. "Why do you want to take literature classes?" he asks me with genuine amazement. "You can read on your own, why do more homework?" Yet my enrollment in numerous math and science classes does not baffle him, math and science being matters of "substance." When I challenge the legitimacy of Papa's beliefs, he rolls his eyes and says, "I am too old to change my typical Soviet mind." At first that seemingly feeble excuse infuriated me, but then the validity of it started to register. While verbally crossing swords with my father, I realized that only four years ago, I would have sincerely supported his every word. Further reflection upon this thought led me to be more attentive to others' point of view. Now, when engaged in a discussion, I ask myself, what causes this person to think this way? Viewing the issue from several aspects, I gain a more profound and objective insight. My father provides a point of reference, reminding me of unique circumstances that shape everyone's perspective.

Patriots Win

Patriots Win #PatriotsWIN Exult Patriots Fans! Sorry Seattle Seahawks, our Turn to Win! In spite of the fact that some kept wondering why the Patriots even appeared on the Super Bowl with the deflating scandal behind, the players proved that Super Bowl was about football, not footballs. To their justice, the game was thrilling, heart-stopping and made us nervous! Forget about the last two seasons, even this game gave no certainty the New England Patriots can really win. We could not relax and be sure in victory almost until the end of the game. All we had is our deep belief. Luckily, it paid off; they won the Super Bowl this time! They did†¦ and we can’t be happier. Thank you, Malcolm Butler, for putting an end to all our doubts. You sealed this victory. I mean, did you see that? A reminder: it was Malcolm Butler who intercepted opponents pass in the end zone with just 26 seconds left until the end of the game. Malcolm Butler was not the only hero of this game. Tom Brady led his team to four touchdowns, breaking Joe Montana Super Bowl record. He completed all eight passes, including the one to Julian Edelman who later said: â€Å"Tom Brady came out here, he’s been to six Super Bowls, he’s won four with the salary cap. It’s hard to argue against that.† Butler shook the Seahawks defense claimed to be the strongest asset of their team and the best NFL has. His last catch had a nauseating effect the Seahawks and you could literally see! Tom Brady won his third Most Valuable Player. Eleven years have passed since he won his second one. This is the fourth victory after the Patriots lost three Super Bowls in a row. That was a real down for all of us, fans since they got us used to winning before. Reminder again: the Patriots won three Super Bowls in four years about a decade ago. Thank you for being back on track, guys! Was it only their talent and persistence that got them the trophy? Maybe the break in the team’s routine contributed too. As far as we know, Bill Belichick gave the whole day off for the team before the game instead of a usual walkthrough. That was something new. I guess that rest was crucial for the players. We must admit that Seattle did not quit. The Seahawks showed class. Kearse showed impressive 33-yard catch. Marshawn Lynch rushed for 4 yards, then backup cornerback Butler, who was victimized on Kearses reception, made the biggest play of his first NFL season with 20 seconds remaining. The Seahawks did their best to become the first repeat champions of NFL since New England a decade ago. However, it was not meant to happen this time. The game taught Seattle a lot of mental toughness, though. The game marked by emotions, records, thrill and awards. Therefore, that’s what we have: Super Bowl XLIX, Glendale, Arizona, University of Phoenix Stadium, February 1, 2015, New England Patriots – Seahawks 28-24.

Managing across cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing across cultures - Essay Example DR Geert Hofstede, a psychologist identified four distinct cultural dimensions that served to differentiate one culture from another. Later on in his study he added the fifth one. The five dimensions of culture that Hofstede distinguished include (Aaldering 2010): Power/distance: this is initially the degree of inequality that is present and is accepted among people with or without power. The score that one gets points that society accepts an unequal distribution of power and people in the system. Whereas a low score indicates that the power is shared and well dispersed. For example in a high PD country like Malaysia an organization would send reports only to the top hierarchy management with the involvement of few high level managers. Individualism (IDV). This indicates the strong ties between individuals. The following diagram shows how it works : Characteristics Tips High IDV High Valuation on peoples time and their need for freedom. An enjoyment of challenges, and an expectation of rewards for hard work. Respect for privacy. Acknowledge accomplishments. Don’t ask for too much personal information. Encourage debate and expression of own ideas. Low IDV Emphasis on building skills and becoming masters of something. Work for intrinsic rewards. Harmony more important than honesty. Show respect for age and wisdom. Suppress feelings and emotions to work in harmony. Respect traditions and introduce change slowly. Masculinity (MAS). This actually talks about how much the organization looks at the traditional values of male and female. In today’s world one could clearly see how men and female are treated with equal opportunities. Uncertainty/ A voidance index (UAI). This is basically the degree of anxiety that the members of an organization or a society feel when there situations are unknown or uncertain. Long Term Orientation (LTO). This talks about how much society put value in the long term standing- as opposed to short term traditions and values Thi s article basically talked about the five basic dimensions and how these could be used in order to meet the needs of individuals working with different culture employees. Trompenaars four diversity culture: Another culturalist Trompenaars along with Hampden-Turner came with other cultural factors that talk about these few points on how to face the cultural differences in the organization. The article ‘Cultural frame of reference’, (Jeurissen 2007) talks about universalism vs. particularism which generally talks about how an organization can find and work on the general rules instead of forcing on the existing rules and demotivating the entire team. It also talks about analyzing vs. integrating which is decomposing to find the details and integrating to bring all those things together in order to have a big picture to understand better. Individualism vs. communitarianism is where the individual’s rights are put forward along with the rights of the whole group or t eam. Another one that Trompenaar talks about is inner directed vs. outer directed. This is where the assumption is made that thinking is the most powerful tool to approach an idea. And then seeking the data in the outer world or in other words to be optimistic. This article basically just talks about how looking at a thing , analyzing it and then giving it a status changes the way we look at things and culture differences are the same thing. One should be

Artifacts in vancouver Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Artifacts in vancouver - Essay Example Judging from the detail of the engravings, it is more plausible that this was deliberate. Further, the dried leaves from the actual tree have a different shape and size from the prints on the ground. This artifact shows a juxtaposition of something coming from nature and something that is man-made aimed as a tribute to the former. A tree that stands firm in a place where concrete and cement is the more common sight. By looking down, one sees someone’s efforts to draw a connection between what stands above and what is happening below. It serves as a reminder that nature remains the more tangible representation of beauty that man can only emulate. Quite possibly, a person who walks straight ahead will most likely fail to notice the tree. But upon seeing the marks, it will grab his attention to give a second look to nature’s divine creation. This artifact indicates that Vancouver a city where nature is still a part of its surroundings. Trees still firmly stand on pavements and one only has to stop to notice its radiance, no matter the season, much like what Bronthe spoke of. In a Huffington Post article entitled â€Å"Banksy Shares Vancouver Street Artist’s Work,† it talks about how the famous graffiti artist Banksy recognized the work of a Vancouver Graffiti artist known only as IHeart by sharing it in social media. This shows how graffiti is valued as an art form in Vancouver. In this artifact is a graffiti located in the outer walls of Red Card (Sports Bar + Eatery). The multitude of colors livened up the area even though it is mainly only an obscure part of the building. The lively colors emphasize the vibrant culture of the city. The details painted on the wall are interesting and captivating to anyone who happens to see it. Characteristic of graffiti art, there are no accurate words or coherent shapes within this artifact. Individually, the shapes

Non profit organizations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Non profit organizations - Research Paper Example Non-Profit Organizations Every firm is driven by a motive. The early stages of business school usually teach students only about one such motive, which is profit. They learn the marketing strategies, management techniques, and accounting methods as required by profit-driven organizations, because such firms make up majority of the firms in existence today. There is, however, a whole other side of business, which involves in running a business for reasons other than profit. The reason may be to collect charity, provide a social service or to bring together a certain community of people (Anheier, 2005). These organizations are non-profit organizations, and carry out their operations and procedure very differently than those carried out by profit-driven firms. Non-profit organizations operate for the good of community usually, instead of any personal interests, which are why they are not required to pay taxes on their incomes to the government (Holland & Rivto, 2008). The money they ear n is not called profit, but income, and they are not allowed to distribute this income amongst owners or other stakeholders; instead, they have to invest that income back into the organization, in order to accomplish the mission that the organization revolves around. For example, a cancer research organization will work on raising funds through donations and fund-raisers, which it will then invest in research to find the cure for cancer. Any money it raises that is left over after their expenses have been covered, will all be invested in research once again, and will not be claimed by any party as ‘profits’. Non-profit organizations typically take up causes, which they feel are important but not given the required attention by the government or those responsible. These motives can include a variety of causes (Holland & Rivto, 2008). One common example is organizations aiming to conduct research on highly dangerous diseases with no known cure, such as AIDS or cancer, in order to find a cure and decrease the number of sufferers per year. This includes organizations such as AKDN, founded with the aim to continue research to find the cure for social, cultural, and economic poverty. Other examples include those organizations who are dedicated to preserving some form of nature before the constant industrialization and reckless treatment of animals and their habitats leads to their extinction. Examples of such organizations and societies are those who aim to prevent the extinction of animals, which are dying off, such as rare birds or insects such as WWF, the World Wide Fund for Nature. Other types of non-profit organizations are those firms, which work to provide a service to the community, which they feel that it needs but is incapable of providing for it, or a service, which they feel the government should be providing to the community but is not. This includes organizations that provide scholarship funds to deserving students who cannot afford educat ion. They also include organizations, which form schools and similar organizations for special children belonging to poor families who cannot afford to enroll them in proper institutions, which will cater to their needs and educate them in the manner that they require, such as different societies for rehabilitation of special children. These are all a few examples of the many

Analysis Of McDonalds Corporations

Analysis Of McDonalds Corporations In this report, thorough analysis of McDonalds Corporations position strategies has been design on the basis of the given contexts. Two different topics have been given to discuss in this case. The first topic focuses on the environmental factors that may affect McDonalds business. This topic has been addressed by six different factors which may broadly affect the business of McDonalds. Specific focus has been given to each factor and minute issued have been addressed in our discussion. It has been tried to give a comprehensive analysis of all the relevant ideas regarding this topic to make a reasonable discussion. The second topic given has been focused on the recent strategic stands taken by McDonalds. It has been asked to identify the pros and cons related to these strategies. The discussion has been done to create a comprehensive commentary about the pros and cons of each strategy. Every strategy has been evaluated on the basis of their individual merits. The subjects are quite sensitive and have specific implications to the business of McDonalds. in order to identify advantages and disadvantages each strategy has been clearly scrutinized. It has been tried to provide valid and reasonable remarks about these strategies. At the end, some relevant ideas have been presented to provide a more understandings of these issues. The entire report has been done with a reasonable understanding about the issues in question and all other factors relevant to the study. Introduction This study has been done to provide a reasonable understanding about business policy and strategic management development. McDonalds Corporation (NYSE: MCD) is known as the worlds largest chain of fast-food restaurants, serving approximately 47 million customers daily. Once it was the largest global restaurant chain, but it has since been exceeded by multi-brand operator Yum! Brands (KFC, Taco Bell and others) and sandwich chain Subway. Every McDonalds restaurant is run by a franchisee, an affiliate, or the corporation itself. Its revenues come from the rent, royalties and fees paid by the franchisees. It also earns form sales in company-operated restaurants. From the accounting records we can see that McDonalds revenues grew 27% over the three years ending in 2007 to $22.8 billion, and 9% growth in operating income to $3.9 billion. Generally McDonalds sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken products, French Fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts. Now-a-days, in order to respond to the obesity trends in western nations and in the face of criticism over the healthiness of its products, the company has modified its menu to include such healthier alternatives as salads, wraps and fruit. McDonalds began its business in 1940, with a restaurant opened by brothers Dick and Mac McDonald in San Bernardino, California. They have introduced the Speedee Service System in 1948, which established the principles of the modern fast-food restaurant. A man with a chefs hat on top of a hamburger shaped head was the original mascot of McDonalds. The name mascot was Speedee. Ronald McDonald replaced Speedee in 1967 when the company first filed a U.S. trademark on a clown shaped man having a puffed out costume legs. McDonalds opened its first restaurant in the United States, Canada, Costa Rica, Japan, the Netherlands, Germany, Australia, France, El Salvador and Sweden in order of openings. Objective of the report: This report is prepared to gain a broad idea about business strategy formulation and evaluation of these strategies. It is also done to understand the different influences the environmental factors have on the operations of a Multination Corporation. Major objectives of the report are to: Provide a conclusive idea about business environment of McDonalds Understand the impacts and implications of changing environmental factors Gain reasonable perception about strategy formulation Achieve realistic insights about strategy evaluation Attain a thorough knowledge about pointing out the pros and cons of different strategies Methodology of the Report The research methodology is the complete techniques that we will follow to conduct the research. So, we can describe the methodology in the following steps: Data Collection Present information was collected from two sources: Primary Source: Primary data of this report was collected by means of questioning of McDonalds employees and operational managers. Secondary Source As secondary source I adopt some text book on Marketing, Management and also some websites. Data Collection Method Observation: Since the report was descriptive in nature data being analyzed conceptually. Limitations: The field level survey was missing in some areas of our study due to some practical constrains. Question 1: Environmental factors impacting upon McDonalds: As a leading fast food restaurant in the world, environmental factors in different countries are crucial considerations for McDonalds. Following discussion focuses on the environmental issues of relevant to the business of the firm. General environmental factors impacting on a corporations business: If generalization is used, for a multinational corporation, following factors can be identified as major issues: Demographic Geographic Economic Socio-cultural Technological Political-legal These factors have serious implications for any Multinational company. Detailed discussions of these factors are given below: 1. Demographic environment: Demographic environment, which can be defined as the environment consisting of factors related to age, sex, gender, education level, marital status, occupation, religion, birth and death rate, average size of the family, average age of marriage etc. of a specific populace of a specific region, is the most important feature that may impact the business of the firm. As it is a Multinational corporation, the impact of demographic environment on McDonalds can be examined on regional basis. United States of America: United States is the birth place of McDonalds. Basically it is the birth pace of Fast Food culture. The people of United States of America love to enjoy their meal and the idea of fast food have been a turning point of their life style. From the demographic aspect of the region, we can point out the following issues: United States has one of the highest population growth rates among the industrialized nations. So it generally indicates the development of a large market for the corporations. 45% of the children under 5 years old belong to the minority groups of the populace. Hispanic population increased by 14%. McDonalds has been developing its menu to target this population. According to U.S. census Bureau News 2006 studies, the average income of Americans is around $46000. One of the main reasons of increase in McDonalds sales in US is the introduction of Asian Chicken Salad, which indicates importance of Minority groups in US market. Different minority groups are emerging as the economically significant groups. For example, Asians as a minority group has an average income of around $57500 which is well above the average income of Americans. So focusing business on the basis of these kinds of developments may prove fruitful in the future. Around 81% of the populace lives in urban areas where drive-through system is one of the most popular systems of getting easy meals. Europe Europeans are getting more and more interested in having quick meals from fast food shops, as their hectic lifestyles suit this mechanism. Though the sales of McDonalds dropped 14 percent, the expansionary plans of McDonalds reflects the significance of this Market. Following ideas emerged from our analysis: Demographic behavior has changed drastically in Europe. General fertility rate is below the replacement rate in many countries of the region. But a new pattern, described as a `second demographic transition have emerged, as age of first marriage and first child has changed. These changes in behaviors culminated to an increase in population growth. On average, population growth increased somewhat in the region. In European Market, McDonalds stores enjoy more customer visits and highest company-operated margin since 2001. This may be attributed to increased population and changing trends of food habits towards fast foods. Gender differences have been reduced dramatically. Economically solvent mothers are spending much to provide best quality products for their children. For this reason, McDonalds introduced R Gym to enhance children customer base. Asia pacific and Middle East: This is the region where McDonalds has the highest possibility of exponential growth due to demographic as well as socio-cultural and economic changes. Demographic factors can be specified in following manner: Countries like China and India, with high population growth rates, are considered as emerging markets for fast food industries. In order to capture the expanding markets in China and India, McDonalds has increased its outlets in both of these markets. Income of the people of this region has been increasing gradually over time, which indicates people having more spending power. Middle Eastern regions are considered as one of the wealthiest regions of the planet. Population growth is also relatively high in this region compared to the industrialized countries. Migration trend towards urban areas is a major factor to consider for Corporations like McDonalds. Latin America Although regarded as one of the poorest regions of the world, this market has been changing its economic and socio-cultural patterns to become one of the lucrative markets. According to 2005 statistics the population of South and Central America is 588 million. The population growth is about 0.6%. This is quite significant information as it indicates a big market for fast food industry. Due to the low income and economic inequality, Latin American market is still not a big revenue source for McDonalds. Different ethnic groups with diverse cultures are prominent features of this region. Economic inequality is dominant in this region. According to World Bank reports, approximately 25% people live less than $2 a day. Huge amount of people live in rural areas, or under developed areas in the cities. Migration rate to the cities is increasing day by day. The following diagram depicts the importance of each regional segment for McDonalds based on sales revenues. Source: http://internationaltrade.suite101.com/article.cfm/mcdonalds_global_sales [Visited on 23/12/2009] Figure 1: McDonalds regional sales revenue. 2. Geographic Environment: Geographic factors that may affect the business of McDonalds can be pointed out in the following discussion: The distribution points of McDonalds are vital considerations as it is involved in a business which requires easy accessibility for the customers. So locations of the distribution centers should be close to populated areas. Some of the McDonalds stores are connected to gas station or convenient stores to target the shoppers. McExpress are shops having limited seating arrangements, located in shopping malls. In its mission statement, McDonalds vowed to provide services in the best possible means. This requires quick and correct service. So, warehouses for the raw materials should be located in the strategic places for easy transfer. Geographic segmentation is very important for McDonalds. As fast food culture is mainly the trend in cities and urban areas, the strategic establishment of distribution points are needed. McDonalds have locations in Disney Theme parks and Ocean Park. This strategy helps to increase sales promotion and expand customer base among the visitors of the theme parks. Competition is anther driving issue for McDonalds to choose the locations of its business carefully. McDonalds may choose a location where it will get a strategic advantage. To have a competitive advantage it introduced locations in Wal-Mart stores. To target trackers and travelers, McDonalds has developed McShop, which may have services found at truck stops. 3. Economic Factors: Many economic factors may affect the operations of McDonalds. These economic factors are identified in the following discussion: The economic cycle of different countries may affect the revenue generation of McDonalds. But as the business seems well diversified, the effects may be nullified to a negligible extent. In 2006, McDonalds global sales rose 5.8% from the previous year. Sales margin improved in all geographic locations. McDonalds has a large amount of long term debt of about $8 billion. So, changes in interest rates or tax policies of the government may affect favorably or adversely. The exchange value of dollar against other currencies may affect the profitability of McDonalds. As it is operating in different regions, so it may consider the exchange rates differentiations of different currencies. There may be some possibilities that inflation rate may adversely affect the business of McDonalds. Increase in inflation rate may cause the price of raw materials to rise. This may also drive the customers away from the restaurants. Income level of the general people varies with the economic condition of the nation. So, in the times of recession, economic conditions may adversely affect the purchasing power of people, thus affecting the business of McDonalds. McDonalds operating earnings, earnings per share and overall revenue increased 15%, 17% and 10% respectively. It also announced dividend at the rate of $1 in year 2002 per share. This indicates 276% increase of dividend payout from the period of 2002. These numbers reflect economically a strong position for McDonalds. 4. Socio-cultural Factors: Every corporation should analyze the important socio-cultural factors relevant to their business. Such relevant factor regarding socio-cultural environment of McDonalds are discussed below. The healthy lifestyle trend has become a global phenomenon in recent days. McDonalds must consider this to maintain a competitive position in the market. McDonalds Healthy Lifestyle programs attracted health conscious people. It has become worlds first fast food service restaurant to provide nutritional information on majority of its food packaging. As women are becoming more independent and families are becoming smaller and smaller, fast foods are growing in their popularity. Eating home cooked meals are becoming a luxury in the fast paced unban lifestyles. So, restaurants are gaining momentum in their businesses. McDonalds operated in different regions of the world. In order to maintain its profitability it must keep track of regional cultural and sociological changes. For example, increased migratory trends towards cities in developing nations can be an advantageous sign for McDonalds. McDonalds needs to be aware of local trends in different regions. For instance, by presenting French Fries as vegetarian food, McDonalds had to pay a hefty price as fines in 2002. McDonalds has introduced R Gyms, a form of interactive game zones, designed for children aged 4 to 11. To emphasize on physical activity, they are equipped with stationary bicycles attached to video games, dance pads, basketball hoops, monkey bars, an obstacle course, and other games. It has introduced a new slogan to its recruitment posters: Not bad for a McJob, to encourage employees to be related with McDonalds. McDonalds jobs have been regarded as of low pay, just above the legal provision, required little skill and little job security. It has been trying to improve the conditions 5. Technological Factors: To maintain a competitive edge against the rival companies, McDonalds must be aware of the recent technologies and innovations. New and improved technologies can reduce the man power needed in processing the food thus reducing the labor related costs. New innovations can help McDonalds to create more environment friendly operating systems which will help them to reduce their carbon footprint in the world. To tackle environmental issues, McDonalds has incorporated technology into its business. McDonalds has started using corn-based bio-plastic to produce containers for some of their products. Innovative technologies can also help to reduce the levels of processing and contamination due to human interactions with the food processing functions. It may also help to reduce energy consumption thus reducing the actual cost of serving the customers. In Europe, it has started recycling vegetable grease to use it as fuel for its trucks. In 2000, it has opened a restaurant in Sweden which was the first to intentionally incorporate green ideas. 6. Political- Legal Factors: Political structure of a nation and the ideology of political parties need to be carefully assessed to run business on that states. Confiscation, domestication, tax control, exchange control, interfere of government on business operations are common in global business. Following factors may be taken into considerations about the political and legal factors: Stable political situations are always important incase of operating businesses in different regions of the world. Government policies, tax policies, regional cooperation policies etc. may affect the operations of McDonalds. Law regarding the business operations, legal suits and other legal obligations may influence the business of McDonalds. McDonalds has been involved with number of legal cases, mostly concerning with trademark. Some social cases like, The McDonalds Coffee Case in 1994, hampered the public image of McDonalds. Question2: Evaluation of current strategies in use: McDonalds has been taken some specific steps to enhance the profitability of the corporation. From the perspective of its performance and future potentiality evaluation, these strategies can be critically examined. The strategies chosen by McDonalds are assessed in the following discussion: SWOT strategies: McDonalds has chosen these strategies based on their SWOT analysis. These strategies may have some advantages and disadvantages. SO strategies: These strategies are taken in line with the strength of McDonalds and on the basis of the opportunities the firm has within its arena of operations. The firm has chosen the following strategies: 1. Expanding into Chinese market: McDonalds is thinking of expanding its Chinese market via increased advertising and numbers of outlets. This strategy can have some merits for McDonalds operations. Advantages: Chinese market is a growing market for McDonalds. The population of China is increasing rapidly and the demand for fast food is also growing at a good pace. By developing a good market in China may prove valuable for McDonalds as it has a potential for good return in future. Drive-through system is gaining popularity in china as number of car owners are increasing. This is a very good indication for McDonalds to provide this kind of services in increased number of locations. McDonalds has a brand name which is globally recognized. McDonalds can use this position of its brand name for its advantage. In China, it would be much easier for McDonalds to advertise as it has an easily recognizable brand name. In order to increase the market share, McDonalds must increase its advertising in China. It has to compete against already established quick service providers like Yum Brands. Increased advertising will enable it to capture new markets in China as well as enhance brand exposure. Increased numbers of the restaurant locations in China will provide easy accessibility to the customers. As the number of consumers is increasing the number of locations must be increased in order to meet the current demand. This strategy may pose some disadvantages for McDonalds. Disadvantages: Increased number of advertisements means increased costs. This means less revenue will be off settled by increased operating cost. As McDonalds operates its business on the basis of franchising, increased number of locations may mean lesser amount of control over its operations. In its mission statement it states to be the best quick service provider. Increased number of locations may cause McDonalds to hire employees who are not competent enough to provide good services. It may also force McDonalds to increase training costs. Quality control may not easily be done if numbers of restaurant locations are increased. Although this strategy may have some potential demerits, this strategy is a very good step for McDonalds. Chinese market is becoming the fastest growing market and McDonalds need to enhance its market share in China in order to ensure its sustainability as one of the leading quick service provider in the world. 2. Acquiring Krispy Kreme Corporation McDonalds has taken a strategic choice to integrate horizontally by taking over Krispy Kreme Corporation, which is at the verge of going bankrupt. This strategic decision may have some good implications for McDonalds. Advantages: By expanding horizontally it will be able to outreach more customers with more ease. As Krispy Kreme Corporation is at the verge of bankruptcy, it will be easier of McDonalds to acquire this company without substantial financial implications. Krispy Kreme Corporation may willing be merged with McDonalds without showing any hostility towards the acquiring company. McDonalds should be able to use the existing infrastructure of the Krispy Kreme Corporation in order to conduct its business. Loyal customers of the Krispy Kreme Corporation may still be with this company after the acquisition. This way McDonalds may be able to acquire a new customer base. Acquiring Krispy Kreme Corporation will put McDonalds in a competitively advantageous position. This will mean less competition for McDonalds and infrastructure and customer base development. This strategy may have some potential disadvantages as follows: Disadvantages: There is a chance that Krispy Kreme Corporation may not be willing to merge with McDonalds. This may force it to take strategies against the acquisition. If acquisition happens in this situation, then McDonalds will be in a disadvantageous position. The customer base of the Krispy Kreme Corporation may not support this acquisition. This may drive them away and reduce the benefits of this acquisition. There is a potential of dilution of control and profit of the shareholder in case of this acquisition. For this reason McDonalds may change the top management of Krispy Kreme Corporation. This may affect the whole operations of Krispy Kreme as new management may have a different style of running the business. By comparing the disadvantage with the advantages, we can easily say that the disadvantageous situations may occur in highly probabilistic circumstances, which make those less potent. So this strategy may prove profitable for McDonalds. WO Strategies: These strategies are taken on the basis of the analysis of the weaknesses and existing opportunities of McDonalds. The firm has chosen the following strategy: 1. Menu development: McDonalds has chosen to develop its menu based on healthy lifestyle trends. It is also thinking of introducing Hispanic food lines. This strategy may have following advantages: Advantages: Providing healthy foods may increase the customer base of McDonalds as there is a global trend of shifting to this kinds of foods now-a-days. Increased Hispanic population forced McDonalds to focus on this group. By creating Hispanic food line, McDonalds may be able to capture a more diverse and wide customer base. There is a bad name of fast food of being unhealthy. By providing more healthy food, McDonalds may be able to change this perception which may be a competitive advantage for McDonalds. There may have some disadvantages of this strategy. Disadvantages: This strategy may cost McDonalds more as it requires more investment from McDonalds part. The new product lines for Hispanic population may not be successful or needs more time to be successful. Focusing on Hispanic population may be frowned upon as being a racially motivated strategy. In order to capture the market and be in line with the global trend, McDonalds need this strategy to be implemented. ST Strategies: McDonalds Corporation also has some strategies based on its strength and potential threat analysis. These strategies are discussed below. 1. Increase number of restaurants located in theme parks: McDonalds is thinking of forward integrating by increasing the number of locations in the theme parks of Disney and Ocean Park. This strategy may have some pros and cons which have been identified in the following discussion: Advantages: By increasing the number of locations in the theme parks McDonalds can capture more of the customer base by providing more services. Mutual understanding between theme parks managements and MacDonalds may increase the brand exposure of McDonalds. By expanding the operations to the theme parks it can appeal to the children which may eventually lead to brand loyalty. Disadvantages: This strategy may increase the operational cost of McDonalds. Quality control may not be an easy proposition. More advertising may be needed in order to make all the locations popular. This strategy may be profitable for McDonalds in the long run and it may be recommended to be pursued by McDonalds. 2. Increase advertising of coffee line: McDonalds is trying to increase advertising of the coffee line in key markets like China and North America. This strategy may have some advantages for McDonalds. Advantages: By developing a market penetration strategy, McDonalds can increase coffee sales, which is one of the weak links of its operations. By increasing the advertising, it can acquire more customers in the morning time when the demand of coffee is highest. McDonalds can create an image of best quick service coffee provider by increasing the frequency of advertisements and providing customers with quality services. Disadvantages: It will increase the sales cost of McDonalds and reduce the profit. Increased advertising may prove fruitful if it can provide good services. But id it fails to live up to the mark then rival companies can take advantage of the situation. Increased advertisement for coffee line may prove fruitful for McDonalds as it has beaten its traditional rivals in coffee taste test according to consumer report. So this strategy is quite a good stand for McDonalds. WT Strategies: McDonalds has been thinking of taking some strategies based on its weaknesses and threats analysis in order to enhance its operational efficiency. Following discussion has been done to point out those strategies and some relevant issues about those strategies. 1. Develop the menu to keep up with the competition: McDonalds one of the main concern is lack of menu development. In order to appeal to the Asian and Latin American markets, it is thinking about menu development. Advantages: Creative menu development will appeal to growing markets like Asian and Latin American markets, which will increase its customer base. It may reduce the operational inefficiency and create more customer satisfaction Customer retention may increase as more options of food items are included in the menu. It will increase its profitability in the long run and create stronger customer base. It will help to capture the potentially profitable markets of Asia and Latina America. The underserved niche of the industry may be capture if creative menu developments occur. Disadvantages: Cost of product development and market survey may increase, which will reduce the profit of the company. New products may fail to appeal to the targeted customer segment, which will result in operational loss. New product development may need new kinds of technologies or raw materials, which will increase capital expenditures of McDonalds. This strategy may increase the profitability of McDonalds as new customers are induced to buy its products. It will also increase the customer base and customer retention rate. 2. Redesign the website to make it more users friendly: Making the website more users friendly is another ploy of McDonalds to increase its efficiency. The advantages and disadvantages of this strategy is discussed below. Advantages: Redesigning the website will increase the knowledge of the customers about McDonalds and its products. Internet is one of the best possible ways to advertise the products of any corporation. Revamping the website may increase its potential customer base by providing them with best possible information. Creating a user friendly website may increase the customer satisfaction. Disadvantages: This strategy may reduce the profit of the organization for the time being, but this may increase capital expenditure of the company. Creating a user friendly website requires expert handling of information. If it is not done efficiently, then it will prove worthless for the Company. The strategy of improving its website can be a fruitful ploy for McDonalds if it is done efficiently. 3. Increasing sales promotion and advertising: Increasing the amount of sales promotion and advertising in key markets to increase consumer awareness of the products is an important strategy for McDonalds. The pros and cons of this strategy are discussed below. Advantages: This will increase the consumer awareness of the products and services of McDonalds. This may also increase the number of customers of the company. This may help McDonalds to capture customers from its rivals if it is done efficiently and effectively. This will also help to gain a competitive advantage in key markets. Disadvantages: Increased cost for McDonalds will offset the profits. Increasing advertising and sales promotion is the best possible way for McDonalds to increase its customer base. Recommendation Following recommendations can be